Inverter output / protection

Danfoss VLT Output Earth-Fault and Short-Circuit Path

Routes alarm 14 and alarm 16 through output insulation, terminal contamination, motor cable damage, IGBT module, gate driver and current-feedback path.

Circuit-path reference12 min read

Scope of this technical record

Functional output path for Danfoss VLT earth-fault and short-circuit cases, linking the inverter bridge, current detection, U/V/W terminals, motor cable, motor insulation, PE route and field accessories into one diagnostic map.

Safety boundary

The output path remains tied to hazardous DC-link energy and motor circuit hazards. Isolate power and verify discharge before internal inspection. Keep insulation testing outside the drive electronics by correctly disconnecting the motor/cable route.

Danfoss output earth/short path

1Output bridge
2Current detection
3U/V/W
4Cable
5Motor / PE

The same output path explains why Alarm 14 and Alarm 16 overlap but require different evidence.

Danfoss output earth/short path image

Danfoss VLT output earth and short path from PWM bridge current detection output terminals cable motor and PE
The path image links the output bridge, current detection and external motor circuit as one diagnostic route.

Why the output path is the shared route for Alarm 14 and Alarm 16

Alarm 14 and Alarm 16 both live on the output side, but they read different evidence from that path. Alarm 14 asks where current is leaking to earth. Alarm 16 asks where phase-to-phase or output short current is being detected. A circuit-path page keeps those questions connected without collapsing them into one fault definition.

The functional path begins at the PWM output bridge and current detection. It then passes through U/V/W terminals, output accessories, cable run, cable shield, motor terminal box, motor winding insulation and protective earth. Every point can create a field fault that looks like a drive failure until it is proven otherwise.

Functional path and evidence points

A good diagnostic path records evidence in physical order. Do not start at the module if the cable glands, terminal box and output contactor have not been inspected. Do not replace a current sensor if the motor insulation result is unknown. The path is designed to prevent a field wiring issue from becoming a repeat drive repair.

Danfoss VLT output earth/short path

Path areaAlarm 14 relevanceAlarm 16 relevance
Current detectionMay report earth leakage or biased zero conditionMay report output current surge
Output bridgePossible leakage or damaged semiconductor pathPossible shorted IGBT leg or driver-induced fault
U/V/W terminalsContamination or tracking to PELoose strands or phase-to-phase contact
Motor cableWet/damaged insulation to shield/earthCrushed cable or phase-to-phase failure
Motor terminal boxMoisture and tracking to framePhase lead damage or incorrect termination
Output accessoriesFilter/contactor leakage pathContactor/filter short or wiring error

Boundary conditions

If the external output path is proven faulty, the drive-side path is not the first repair. If the external path is proven clear and the alarm remains, the repair request should document the bridge, gate-driver and current-detection evidence. The same diagram therefore supports both field troubleshooting and workshop intake.

  • Alarm follows motor/cable: repair field installation before replacing the drive
  • Alarm remains with external output isolated: build drive-side output/sensing evidence
  • Alarm appears after module repair: verify driver and current feedback before another power test
  • Alarm appears only with moisture/vibration: preserve environmental proof before disassembly

Field record checklist

  • Output terminal photos
  • Cable and gland condition
  • Motor terminal-box evidence
  • Insulation path evidence
  • Current-detection/module photos if escalated
  • Previous repair history

Technical basis and reference documents

This is an independent editorial technical reference. Original manufacturer documentation remains controlling for installation, repair and commissioning decisions.

Top ten VFD tech support calls — Alarm 14Danfoss Drives support

Used to anchor Alarm 14 around motor/cabling isolation and the boundary where current-sensor or drive-side investigation becomes relevant.

Danfoss AC drives service tips — common alarmsDanfoss Drives

Used to anchor Alarm 14 as short-to-ground in motor/wiring and Alarm 16 as line-to-line short circuit in motor/wiring.

VLT HVAC Drive FC 102 instruction manualDanfoss technical documentation

Used as FC-family public manual context for alarm wording, DC-link safety and output-side service boundaries.

Evidence intake

Turn this record into a qualified service request

A repair decision is much more reliable when the request includes the exact identity of the drive, the first fault evidence and the machine condition when the symptom appeared.

  • Complete drive type code / MLFB or nameplate model
  • Fault code, fault value and first event before reset
  • When the event appears: power-up, enable, ramp, run, decel or stop
  • Motor/cable connected or isolated during the symptom
  • Visible board, option-card, module and connector identifiers
  • Previous repair history, replacement parts and repeat-failure pattern
Prepare request →